How does a 4-pin relay work
The working principle of a 4-pin relay is based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction.
The phenomenon of electromagnetic induction is that in a closed circuit, when the conductor in the relay cuts the magnetic induction line inside the magnetic field or the magnetic field itself changes, an electromotive force is generated in the conductor, which drives the flow of electrons and generates induced current. The phenomenon of generating electromotive force is known as electromagnetic induction.
Specifically, if a portion of a conductor in a closed circuit undergoes cutting motion in a magnetic field, a current will be generated within that conductor. The phenomenon of electric current generated by the movement of a conductor in a magnetic field is called "dynamic electromagnetic induction".
In addition, when the magnetic flux passing through a closed circuit changes, that is, the number of magnetic induction strips passing through a surface changes (formula Φ=BS), electromotive force and current will also be generated in the circuit. This is called 'induced electromagnetic induction'.
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Next, let's analyze the diagram of a 4-pin relay
A 4-pin relay has four pins, labeled as 85, 86, 87, and 30 respectively. The 85 and 86 pins are connected to the control coil of the relay and are controlled by a switch. The 87 and 30 pins are connected to the controlled circuit, mainly connecting the contacts.
We apply current to the interior of the relay, and when a certain voltage is applied between pins 85 and 86, it causes electromagnetic induction. At this moment, the current continuously flows through tightly wound coils one after another, generating a strong magnetic field. The magnetic field generated by the current has a strong attraction, which will strongly attract the armature inside the relay to move, resulting in a significant change in the movement position of the armature.
The movement of the armature will directly drive the opening and closing action of the contacts. Under normal conditions, that is, before the control voltage is applied, the normally closed contacts (87a and 30) are in a tightly closed state, while the normally open contacts (87 and 30) are in an open state.
When we apply the appropriate current to pins 85 and 86, and then apply the control voltage to the coil, the magnetic force generated inside the magnetic field will exert a huge effect, strongly driving the armature to move. In this way, it will cause the normally closed contacts that were originally in a closed state to open, while the normally open contacts that were originally in an open state will close. Finally, effective control of the circuit was successfully achieved.
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